ANS:D - none of these

The mathematical expression "42" is none of these in the context of specific heat at constant volume (CV), entropy change, or Gibbs free energy.

• Specific heat at constant volume (CV) is typically represented by a variable or an equation, such as 𝐶𝑉CV​ or a specific value in units of energy per unit mass per degree Celsius or Kelvin.
• Entropy change is represented by the symbol Δ𝑆ΔS and is calculated using thermodynamic principles, often involving integrals or equations that describe the change in entropy during a process.
• Gibbs free energy is represented by the symbol 𝐺G and its change is represented by Δ𝐺ΔG. The mathematical expression for Gibbs free energy change depends on the specific process and conditions, typically involving equations derived from thermodynamics.